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Tetrix ceperoi
''Tetrix ceperoi'', commonly named Cepero's groundhopper,〔http://www.orthoptera.org.uk/species_orthoptera.aspx〕 is a member of the Tetrigidae family and is very similar to common grasshoppers.〔http://www.seaonscreen.org/vleet/index-eng.php?use_template=vleet_template.html&item=seaSCALAR%280xaada48%29=prickly-saltwort.htmSCALAR%280xaad818%29=ecomare.html&pageid=ceperos-groundhopper.htm〕 Grasshopper is defined as a "plant eating insect with long hind legs that are used for jumping and for producing a chirping sound".〔http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=grasshopper〕 However, unlike the common grasshopper, the wings of ''T. ceperoi'' extend beyond its pronotum (the upper surface of the first segment of the thorax).〔http://www.wildaboutbritain.co.uk/?q=ceperos-groundhopper〕〔http://bugguide.net/node/view/111902〕 The front wings have evolved throughout history to be stumps, and the back wings are very well developed.〔 Thanks to the front wings only, ''T. ceperoi'' is capable of flying. Furthermore, ''T. ceperoi'' sports wide shoulders while covering its narrow abdomen beneath the pronotum.〔 ''T. ceperoi'' are classified as Orthoptera, which describes crickets, grasshoppers, and locusts. Furthermore, these Orthoptera have incomplete metamorphosis, which also has an impact on sexual dimorphism later.〔Koarek P., Holuša J. & Vidli_ka, ￠. 2005: Blattaria, Mantodea, Orthoptera & Dermaptera of the Czech and Slovak Republics. Illustrated key 3. Kabourek, Zlin, 349〕 ''T. ceperoi'' reach an average length of about .〔 ''T. ceperoi'' is a multi-coloured ground dweller with the ability to blend into its surroundings.〔Krause, S., A. Hochkirch, J. Groning, Intersexual niche segregation in Cepero’s Ground-hopper, ''Tetrix ceperoi''. Evolutionary Ecology 21: 6, 727-738, 〕〔Paul J (1988) Colour and pattern variation in ''Tetrix ceperoi'' Bolívar (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae): An aid to identification. Entomol Gaz 39:133–139〕 The ability of ''T. ceperoi'' to be different colours makes it able to evolve colour schemes better adapted to specific habitats. This cryptic nature of their outer layer provides protection from predators as it is able to blend into its surroundings. ''T. ceperoi'' is diurnal, which means it is solely active in the daytime. However, although it is diurnal, it continues to hibernate during a late nymphal instar or later on in life as adults.〔Kleukers R, van Nieukerken E, Ode´ B, Willemse L, van Wingerden W (1997) De Sprinkhanen en Krekels van Nederland (Orthoptera). Nederlandse Fauna I. KNNV Uitgeverij and EISNederland, Leiden〕
==Habitat==
''T. ceperoi'' naturally resides in places with a hot climate, in damp and bare areas of land.〔http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/26210924/habitat-preferences-endangered-insect-species-cepero-s-ground-hopper-tetrix-ceperoi〕 However, due to threatened natural habitats, ''T. ceperoi'' also makes a home in dunes along shore lines, and in low and open vegetations.〔 It exists across the coasts of the West Mediterranean area, Central Europe, Germany, Southern England and South Wales.〔〔〔 As ''T. ceperoi'' has evolved, it has also become capable of surviving in "floodplains, moist dune slacks, sand pits, drainage ditches or ponds".〔Reproductive interference in two ground-hopper species: testing hypotheses of coexistence in the field. Julia Gröning, Niklas Lücke, Alexander Finger, Axel Hochkirch〕 Adult ''T. ceperoi'' are skilled swimmers and therefore are not hindered by the large amounts of water in close proximity.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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